Operation of the Hilbert-Huang Transform: basic overview with examples

This learning object provides a simple explanation of the operation of the Hilbert-Huang transform. This is a tool which has been employed with success in the signal processing field and, more especifically, in the analysis of non-stationary signals. The work reviews the mathematical bases of the transform and it focuses on its operation. It describes its two main parts: Empirical Mode Decomposition algorithm and the Hilbert Spectral Analysis. Several simple examples illustrating the operation of the transform are also provided.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2013). Operation of the Hilbert-Huang Transform: basic overview with examples. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3074

Operation of the Discrete Wavelet Transform: basic overview with examples

This learning object describes the operation of the Discrete Wavelet Transform under an engineering perspective, without deepening in complex mathematical details. It includes several didactic examples that illustrate the operation of that transform. It can be useful for students and researchers involved in the signal processing area and, more especifically, in non-stationary analysis.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2013). Operation of the Discrete Wavelet Transform: basic overview with examples. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3073

Electrical monitoring under transient conditions: a new paradigm in electric motors predictive maintenance

[EN] Electric motors condition monitoring is a field of paramount importance for industry. In recent decades, there has been a continuous effort to investigate on new techniques and methods that are able to determine the health of these machines with high accuracy and reliability. Classical methods based on the analysis of diverse machine quantities under stationary condition are being replaced by modern methodologies that are adapted to any operation regime of the machine (including transients). These new methods (especially those based on motor startup signal monitoring), that imply the use of advanced signal processing tools, have shown a great potential and have provided spectacular advantages versus conventional approaches enabling, among other facts, a much more reliable determination of the machine health. This paper reviews the background of this recent condition monitoring trend and shows the advantages of this new approach, with regards to its application to the analysis of electrical quantities. Examples referred to its application to real motors operating in industry are included, proving the huge potential of the transient-based approach and its benefits versus conventional methods.This research was funded by by the Spanish 'Ministerio de Ciencia Innovacion y Universidades' and FEDER program in the framework of the 'Proyectos de I + D de Generacion de Conocimiento del Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Cientifico y Tecnologico del Sistema de I + D + i, Subprograma Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento' (ref: PGC2018-095747-B-I00).Antonino Daviu, JA. (2020). Electrical monitoring under transient conditions: a new paradigm in electric motors predictive maintenance. Applied Sciences. 10(17):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10176137S1161017Electric Motor Engineeringhttps://www.electricmotorengineering.com/a-global-electric-motor-market-overview/Antonino-Daviu, J., Fuster-Roig, V., Park, S., Park, Y., Choi, H., Park, J., & Lee, S. B. (2020). Electrical Monitoring of Damper Bar Condition in Salient-Pole Synchronous Motors Without Motor Disassembly. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 56(2), 1423-1431. doi:10.1109/tia.2020.2965903Garcia, M., Panagiotou, P. A., Antonino-Daviu, J. A., & Gyftakis, K. N. (2019). Efficiency Assessment of Induction Motors Operating Under Different Faulty Conditions. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(10), 8072-8081. doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2885719Nandi, S., Toliyat, H. A., & Li, X. (2005). Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnosis of Electrical Motors—A Review. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 20(4), 719-729. doi:10.1109/tec.2005.847955Antonino-Daviu, J. A., Quijano-Lopez, A., Rubbiolo, M., & Climente-Alarcon, V. (2018). Advanced Analysis of Motor Currents for the Diagnosis of the Rotor Condition in Electric Motors Operating in Mining Facilities. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(4), 3934-3942. doi:10.1109/tia.2018.2818671Antonino-Daviu, J. A., Pons-Llinares, J., & Lee, S. B. (2016). Advanced Rotor Fault Diagnosis for Medium-Voltage Induction Motors Via Continuous Transforms. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 52(5), 4503-4509. doi:10.1109/tia.2016.2582720Antonino-Daviu, J. A., Riera-Guasp, M., Folch, J. R., & Palomares, M. P. M. (2006). Validation of a new method for the diagnosis of rotor bar failures via wavelet transform in industrial induction machines. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 42(4), 990-996. doi:10.1109/tia.2006.876082Schoen, R. R., & Habetler, T. G. (1997). Evaluation and implementation of a system to eliminate arbitrary load effects in current-based monitoring of induction machines. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 33(6), 1571-1577. doi:10.1109/28.649970Lee, S., Hong, J., Lee, S. B., Wiedenbrug, E. J., Teska, M., & Kim, H. (2013). Evaluation of the Influence of Rotor Axial Air Ducts on Condition Monitoring of Induction Motors. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 49(5), 2024-2033. doi:10.1109/tia.2013.2259132Yang, C., Kang, T.-J., Hyun, D., Lee, S. B., Antonino-Daviu, J. A., & Pons-Llinares, J. (2014). Reliable Detection of Induction Motor Rotor Faults Under the Rotor Axial Air Duct Influence. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 50(4), 2493-2502. doi:10.1109/tia.2013.2297448Park, Y., Jeong, M., Lee, S. B., Antonino-Daviu, J. A., & Teska, M. (2017). Influence of Blade Pass Frequency Vibrations on MCSA-Based Rotor Fault Detection of Induction Motors. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 53(3), 2049-2058. doi:10.1109/tia.2017.2672526Riera-Guasp, M., Cabanas, M. F., Antonino-Daviu, J. A., Pineda-Sanchez, M., & Garcia, C. H. R. (2010). Influence of Nonconsecutive Bar Breakages in Motor Current Signature Analysis for the Diagnosis of Rotor Faults in Induction Motors. IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, 25(1), 80-89. doi:10.1109/tec.2009.2032622Antonino-Daviu, J., Riera-Guasp, M., Pons-Llinares, J., Park, J., Lee, S. B., Yoo, J., & Kral, C. (2012). Detection of Broken Outer-Cage Bars for Double-Cage Induction Motors Under the Startup Transient. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 48(5), 1539-1548. doi:10.1109/tia.2012.2210173Antonino-Daviu, J., Jover, P., Riera, M., Arkkio, A., & Roger-Folch, J. (2007). DWT analysis of numerical and experimental data for the diagnosis of dynamic eccentricities in induction motors. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 21(6), 2575-2589. doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2007.01.008Picot, A., Fournier, E., Regnier, J., TientcheuYamdeu, M., Andrejak, J.-M., & Maussion, P. (2017). Statistic-Based Method to Monitor Belt Transmission Looseness Through Motor Phase Currents. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 13(3), 1332-1340. doi:10.1109/tii.2017.2661317Corral-Hernandez, J. A., Antonino-Daviu, J., Pons-Llinares, J., Climente-Alarcon, V., & Frances-Galiana, V. (2015). Transient-Based Rotor Cage Assessment in Induction Motors Operating With Soft Starters. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 51(5), 3734-3742. doi:10.1109/tia.2015.2427271Pons-Llinares, J., Antonino-Daviu, J., Roger-Folch, J., Moríñigo-Sotelo, D., & Duque-Pérez, O. (2014). Mixed eccentricity diagnosis in Inverter-Fed Induction Motors via the Adaptive Slope Transform of transient stator currents. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 48(1-2), 423-435. doi:10.1016/j.ymssp.2014.02.012Henao, H., Demian, C., & Capolino, G.-A. (2003). A frequency-domain detection of stator winding faults in induction machines using an external flux sensor. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 39(5), 1272-1279. doi:10.1109/tia.2003.816531Ramirez-Nunez, J. A., Antonino-Daviu, J. A., Climente-Alarcon, V., Quijano-Lopez, A., Razik, H., Osornio-Rios, R. A., & Romero-Troncoso, R. de J. (2018). Evaluation of the Detectability of Electromechanical Faults in Induction Motors Via Transient Analysis of the Stray Flux. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 54(5), 4324-4332. doi:10.1109/tia.2018.2843371Park, Y., Choi, H., Shin, J., Park, J., Lee, S. B., & Jo, H. (2020). Airgap Flux Based Detection and Classification of Induction Motor Rotor and Load Defects During the Starting Transient. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 67(12), 10075-10084. doi:10.1109/tie.2019.2962470Gyftakis, K. N., Panagiotou, P. A., & Lee, S. B. (2020). Generation of Mechanical Frequency Related Harmonics in the Stray Flux Spectra of Induction Motors Suffering From Rotor Electrical Faults. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 56(5), 4796-4803. doi:10.1109/tia.2020.3002975Park, Y., Yang, C., Kim, J., Kim, H., Lee, S. B., Gyftakis, K. N., … Capolino, G.-A. (2019). Stray Flux Monitoring for Reliable Detection of Rotor Faults Under the Influence of Rotor Axial Air Ducts. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 66(10), 7561-7570. doi:10.1109/tie.2018.2880670ABB Ability Smart Sensor for Motorshttps://new.abb.com/motors-generators/service/advanced-services/smart-sensor/smart-sensor-for-motorsWEG Motor Scan—Whitepaperhttps://www.weg.net/wegmotorscan/enCeban, A., Pusca, R., & Romary, R. (2012). Study of Rotor Faults in Induction Motors Using External Magnetic Field Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 59(5), 2082-2093. doi:10.1109/tie.2011.2163285ISHKOVA, I. (2016). Detection and classification of faults in induction motor by means of motor current signature analysis and stray flux monitoring. PRZEGLĄD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY, 1(4), 168-172. doi:10.15199/48.2016.04.36Pons-Llinares, J., Antonino-Daviu, J. A., Riera-Guasp, M., Bin Lee, S., Kang, T., & Yang, C. (2015). Advanced Induction Motor Rotor Fault Diagnosis Via Continuous and Discrete Time–Frequency Tools. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 62(3), 1791-1802. doi:10.1109/tie.2014.2355816Antonino-Daviu, J., Quijano-Lopez, A., Climente-Alarcon, V., & Garin-Abellan, C. (2017). Reliable Detection of Rotor Winding Asymmetries in Wound Rotor Induction Motors via Integral Current Analysis. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 53(3), 2040-2048. doi:10.1109/tia.2017.267252

The Contactor

The aim of this work is to present a basic introduction to the operation of the Contactor. TThis is a switching element often employed in electrical industrial installations for automation purposes. The paper intends to explain, in a very simple manner, the following aspects related to the Contactor: Definition and main characteristics, Constituting elements and operation principles, Basic specifications, Types of Contactors and Applications. The work belongs to a collection that is devoted to describe basic switchgear devices used in Low Voltage electrical installations.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2014). The Contactor. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3892

The Fuse

The aim of this work is to present a basic introduction to the operation of the Fuse. This is a protection element widely used in electrical industrial installations. The paper intends to explain, in a very simple manner, the following aspects related to the Fuse: Constituting elements and operation principles, Basic specifications, Characteristic curves, Types of Fuses and Advantages/disadvantages. The work belongs to a collection that is devoted to describe basic switchgear devices used in Low Voltage electrical installations.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2014). The Fuse. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3892

Basic lighting quantities

The aim of this paper is to review the definitions, the units and symbols as well as the intuitive meanings of the basic quantities that characterize a lighting system. More specifically, the following quantities will be considered: Luminous flux, Luminous intensity, Illuminance, Luminance, Luminous efficacy, Reflectance, Color rendering index (or Color rendition index), Chromaticity diagram, Color Temperature, Spectral Power Distribution, Glare.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2015). Basic lighting quantities. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/5305

The Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB)

The aim of this work is to present a basic introduction to the operation of the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB). This is a protection and switching element often used in electrical industrial installations. The paper intends to explain, in a very simple manner, the following aspects related to the MCB: Constituting elements and operation principles, Basic specifications, Characteristic curves, Types of MCB and Advantages/disadvantages. The work belongs to a collection that is devoted to describe basic switchgear devices used in Low Voltage electrical installations.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2014). The Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB). http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3892

Reactive power compensation: a basic overview

In this work, a basic introduction to the reactive power compensation has been presented. First, the most important problems caused by the generation, transmission and distribution of reactive power are explained. Then, the measures adopted by the electrical utility to discourage the consumption of Q are briefly commented. The reactive power compensation mechanism is analyzed both under intuitive and under physical perspectives. Then, the different modalities for reactive power compensation (individual and centralized) are described and their respective elements, application scopes, advantages and drawbacks analyzed. Finally, the last section is devoted to the basic design of the elements of a reactive power compensation system, both individual and centralized.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2013). Reactive power compensation: a basic overview. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3113

Residual Current Devices

The aim of this paper is to present a basic introduction to the operation of the residual current devices (RCDs). These are protection elements often used in electrical industrial installations. The paper intends to explain, in a very simple manner, the following aspects related to the residual current devices: Constituting elements and operation principles, Basic specifications, Characteristic curves, Types of RCDs and Applications.Antonino Daviu, JA. (2014). Residual Current Devices. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3892

Improving student interest with portable laboratory tools in engineering

[EN] The desire for improving student motivation and interest in engineering learning have yielded new methodologies for active learning. The present paper presents a new methodology based on project learning and portable learning technology. The goal of the method was to improve the students’ confidence and learning in industrial design and prototyping during one semester. The results indicate that students’ motivation for learning was very high and it has been maintained during the whole semester. Also, the confidence on their learning and retention ability increased, which indicates that the method had a positive impact on the students.Dunai Dunai, L.; Antonino Daviu, JA.; Lengua Lengua, I. (2021). Improving student interest with portable laboratory tools in engineering. En Proceedings INNODOCT/20. International Conference on Innovation, Documentation and Education. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 259-264. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2020.2020.11905OCS25926